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Are you an adventure seeker looking for a new experience? Then Machu Picchu should be at the top of your list! This ancient Incan citadel is nestled high in the Andes Mountains of Peru and offers breathtaking views and a glimpse into the rich history of the Incan Empire. But before you pack your bags and book your trip, you should know a few essential things.

This article will look closely at seven must-know facts about Machu Picchu. From its mysterious origins to its stunning architecture, we will explore the wonders of this UNESCO World Heritage site. So, whether you’re planning a trip or simply curious about this hidden gem, join us as we uncover the secrets of Machu Picchu.

Historical Background and Significance of Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is an ancient Incan citadel in the Andes Mountains of Peru. It was built in the 15th century and was abandoned by the Incas during the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The citadel was forgotten for centuries until it was rediscovered in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham.

Machu Picchu is considered one of the most important archaeological sites in the world and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is also one of South America’s most visited tourist attractions, attracting over one million visitors annually. The site’s rich history and stunning views make it a must-see destination for anyone interested in ancient civilizations and Incan culture.

Machu Picchu is 2,430 meters above sea level and surrounded by the Andes Mountains. The site covers an area of approximately 32,500 hectares and is divided into two main areas: the agricultural zone and the urban zone. The farm zone consists of terraces and fields for growing crops, while the urban zone consists of temples, palaces, and residential areas.

Discovery of Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu was rediscovered in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham. Bingham was searching for the lost city of Vilcabamba, the last Incan stronghold to fall to the Spanish conquistadors. He stumbled upon Machu Picchu by accident while exploring a different site.

Bingham was amazed by what he found at Machu Picchu. The site was well-preserved and appeared to have been abandoned in a hurry, with many of the buildings and structures still intact. Bingham returned to the area several times over the years, and his discoveries helped to shed light on the Incan civilization and their way of life.

Seven Fascinating Facts about Machu Picchu

  1. Machu Picchu was built without the use of wheels, iron tools, or draft animals.
  2. The site was designed to be earthquake-resistant, with buildings constructed using a technique known as “ashlar,” which involves fitting stones together without using mortar.
  3. Machu Picchu was not mentioned in any Spanish records, which suggests that it was unknown to the Spanish conquistadors.
  4. The site’s original name is unknown, and “Machu Picchu” is a term given to the site by the locals many years after it was abandoned.
  5. Machu Picchu is believed to have been a royal estate for the Incan emperor Pachacuti.
  6. The site contains over 150 buildings, including temples, palaces, and residential areas.
  7. Machu Picchu is home to various flora and fauna, including orchids, hummingbirds, and spectacled bears.
Panoramic View of Machu Picchu
Panoramic View of Machu Picchu by Private Machu Picchu

Visiting Machu Picchu - What you need to know

Visiting Machu Picchu requires some planning and preparation. Here are some things to keep in mind:

  • Machu Picchu is open year-round, but the best time to visit is during the dry season (May to October).
  • The site is open from 6:00 am to 5:30 pm, and visitors must enter with a guide.
  • The entrance fee for Machu Picchu varies depending on the type of ticket you purchase.
  • Visitors are required to follow the rules while at the site, such as not climbing on the ruins or littering.
  • The altitude at Machu Picchu can cause altitude sickness in some visitors, so it’s important to acclimate to the altitude before visiting.
  • There are several ways to get to Machu Picchu, including hiking the Inca Trail, taking a train from Cusco, or taking a bus from Aguas Calientes.

Best time to visit Machu Picchu

The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, which runs from May to October. During this time, the weather is mild and dry, with less chance of rain. However, the dry season is also the busiest time of year, with large crowds and higher prices.

The wet season runs from November to April and is characterized by heavy rain and high humidity. While the crowds are smaller during this time, the weather can make it difficult to enjoy the site.

How to get to Machu Picchu

Depending on your preferences and budget, there are several ways to get to Machu Picchu. Here are some options:

  • The Inca Trail is a popular option for hikers and adventure seekers. The trail takes four days to complete and requires a permit.
  • Train: Several train routes run from Cusco to Machu Picchu, including the Vistadome and Expedition trains.
  • Bus: From the town of Aguas Calientes, visitors can take a bus up to the entrance of Machu Picchu.
  • Helicopter: Visitors can take a helicopter tour of Machu Picchu for a more luxurious option.

What to See and Do in Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is home to a variety of sights and attractions, and visitors can easily spend an entire day exploring the site. Here are some must-see attractions:

Sun Temple by Private Machu Picchu
Sun Temple by Private Machu Picchu
The Temple of the Sun

This temple is dedicated to the Incan sun god and features intricate stonework and carvings.

Intihuatana Mchu Picchu
Intihuatana Mchu Picchu
The Intihuatana Stone

This stone is believed to have been used for astronomical purposes by the Incas and is one of the most important structures at Machu Picchu.

The Inca Bridge

This temple is dedicated to the Incan sun god and features intricate stonework and carvings.

Sungate by Private Machu Picchu
Sungate by Private Machu Picchu
The Sun Gate

This is the entrance to Machu Picchu for visitors who have completed the Inca Trail. It offers stunning views of the site and the surrounding mountains.

Conclusion

Machu Picchu is a truly unique and awe-inspiring destination that should be on every traveler’s bucket list. Whether you’re interested in history, architecture, or natural beauty, Machu Picchu has something to offer. By following these must-know facts and tips, you can make the most of your visit and experience all this UNESCO World Heritage site offers.